In Accounts Receivable, what’s the difference between the ‘residual payment’ and ‘part payment’ methods of allocating cash ?
A: These are the two methods for allocating partial payments from customers.As an example, lets say invoice A123 exists for 100$ and a customer pays 60$.With partial payment, the 60$ simply offsets the invoice leaving a remaining balance of 40$ With residual payment, invoice A123 is cleared for the full value 100$ and a new invoice line item is booked for the remaining balance of 40$.
Conversion of Partial Payments and Residual Items
Use
Partial payment
If an invoice is paid in Financial Accounting through partial payments, reduction records for the invoice and payment records are generated (in the amounts paid) in Funds Management. If an invoice has a number or expense or revenue items with different FM account assignments, the procedures for Enhanced Function for Payment Selection and Original Function are different,
In the standard system Enhanced Function for Payment Selection uses the Supplementation Procedure and the Original Function uses the Splitting Procedure. If necessary, you can also activate this procedure for the enhanced function for payment selection in Customizing of Funds Management.
The invoice quotas are reduced on the corresponding account assignments and the payments are built up with the supplementation procedure. The partial payment of an invoice is updated in proportion with the respective invoice amounts in Funds Management with the splitting procedure.
If a residual item is formed with the partial payment, the paid amount is updated with the enhanced function for payment selection; a reduction record occurs for the invoice and a payment record in the amount paid. With the Original function of the payment selection, a reduction record occurs for the invoice and a payment record in the amount of the invoice; a reduction record is also generated for the invoice and payment record in the amount of the residual item.
Overpayment
To guarantee the payment matching, the enhanced function for the payment selection updates the payment residual items when an invoice is overpaid. The updated reduction and payment records refer to the invoice which the residual item was created for. The overpayment is posted either to the FM account assignment first determined according to the conversion procedure (supplementation procedure) or split over all FM account assignments of the invoice (splitting procedure). As soon as the payment residual item is cleared in Financial Accounting with a different invoice, the over payment is transferred to the corresponding invoice in the next payment selection in Funds Management.
If you do not use the payment matching, you can deactivate the update of overpayments with enhancement SAPLFMPA (component EXIT_SAPLFMPA_006) for the enhanced function for payment selection.
Prerequisites
If you want to use the splitting procedure for the payment selection enhanced function, you must set the Activate splitting procedure indicator in the IMG activity Define Settings for the Payment Transfer.
Example
The following examples represent the supplementation procedure and the splitting procedure:
Postings
Supplementation procedure
Splitting procedure
The following example represents how residual items are created with the splitting procedure:
Postings
Splitting procedure
A: These are the two methods for allocating partial payments from customers.As an example, lets say invoice A123 exists for 100$ and a customer pays 60$.With partial payment, the 60$ simply offsets the invoice leaving a remaining balance of 40$ With residual payment, invoice A123 is cleared for the full value 100$ and a new invoice line item is booked for the remaining balance of 40$.
Conversion of Partial Payments and Residual Items
Use
Partial payment
If an invoice is paid in Financial Accounting through partial payments, reduction records for the invoice and payment records are generated (in the amounts paid) in Funds Management. If an invoice has a number or expense or revenue items with different FM account assignments, the procedures for Enhanced Function for Payment Selection and Original Function are different,
In the standard system Enhanced Function for Payment Selection uses the Supplementation Procedure and the Original Function uses the Splitting Procedure. If necessary, you can also activate this procedure for the enhanced function for payment selection in Customizing of Funds Management.
- Supplementation procedure (enhanced function)
- Splitting procedure (original function)
If a residual item is formed with the partial payment, the paid amount is updated with the enhanced function for payment selection; a reduction record occurs for the invoice and a payment record in the amount paid. With the Original function of the payment selection, a reduction record occurs for the invoice and a payment record in the amount of the invoice; a reduction record is also generated for the invoice and payment record in the amount of the residual item.
Overpayment
To guarantee the payment matching, the enhanced function for the payment selection updates the payment residual items when an invoice is overpaid. The updated reduction and payment records refer to the invoice which the residual item was created for. The overpayment is posted either to the FM account assignment first determined according to the conversion procedure (supplementation procedure) or split over all FM account assignments of the invoice (splitting procedure). As soon as the payment residual item is cleared in Financial Accounting with a different invoice, the over payment is transferred to the corresponding invoice in the next payment selection in Funds Management.
If you do not use the payment matching, you can deactivate the update of overpayments with enhancement SAPLFMPA (component EXIT_SAPLFMPA_006) for the enhanced function for payment selection.
Prerequisites
If you want to use the splitting procedure for the payment selection enhanced function, you must set the Activate splitting procedure indicator in the IMG activity Define Settings for the Payment Transfer.
Example
The following examples represent the supplementation procedure and the splitting procedure:
Postings
| Business Transaction | Posting record |
| Invoice | Customer 100 on
|
| Partial payment | Bank 50 to customer 50 |
Supplementation procedure
| Value type | Amount type | Amount | FM account assgmt |
| (1) Invoice | Original | 60,00 | 1234 |
| (1) Invoice | Original | 40,00 | 5678 |
| (2) Invoice | Reduction | - 50,00 | 1234 |
| (2) Payment | Paid | 50,00 | 1234 |
Splitting procedure
| Value type | Amount type | Amount | FM account assgmt |
| (1) Invoice | Original | 60,00 | 1234 |
| (1) Invoice | Original | 40,00 | 5678 |
| (2) Invoice | Reduction | - 30,00 | 1234 |
| (2) Payment | Paid | 30,00 | 1234 |
| (2) Invoice | Reduction | - 20,00 | 5678 |
| (2) Payment | Paid | 20,00 | 5678 |
The following example represents how residual items are created with the splitting procedure:
Postings
| Business Transaction | Posting record | Residual item creation |
| Invoice 1 | Customer 100 on
| Residual item over 30 |
| Invoice 2 | Customer on revenue 1 (FM account assignment 1234) 50 | (Completely paid) |
| Partial payment | Bank 120 to customer 120 |
Splitting procedure
| Value type | Amount type | Amount | FM account assgmt |
| (1) Invoice | Original | 60,00 | 1234 |
| (1) Invoice | Original | 40,00 | 5678 |
| (2) Invoice | Original | 50,00 | 1234 |
| (3) Invoice | Reduction | - 42,00 | 1234 |
| (3) Payment | Paid | 42,00 | 1234 |
| (3) Invoice | Reduction | - 28,00 | 5678 |
| (3) Payment | Paid | 28,00 | 5678 |
| (3) Invoice | Reduction | - 50,00 | 1234 |
| (3) Payment | Paid | 50,00 | 1234 |
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SAPhelpdesk
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